Microphones are receivers used to transform sound waves coming from instruments or voices. These sound waves are then transmitted to an amplifier to release them as an audio or as a Public Address system output.

There are two major of types of microphones.

The first is the Dynamic microphone, which is more widely used. This type of microphone needs no power supply or batteries. It is reliable, inexpensive and durable. It has limited frequency response, but can withstand loud sound level pressures. It only needs proper care and handling to maintain its quality of performance for a long time.
Dynamic microphones are ideal for live drums, live vocals, and loud guitar amplifiers.

The second type is the Condenser microphone. It has a higher frequency and transient response, but more sensitive to high sound level pressure. A Condenser microphone has a louder sound output. It is more expensive than a dynamic microphone. It also requires batteries or an external power supply.

Condenser microphones are more suitable for recording studios.
There are two kinds of condenser microphones, the Large Diaphragm Microphones (LDMs) and the Small Diaphragm Microphones (SDMs).
It is important to select the right microphone that would suit your needs best. It should be able to capture sound waves accurately and clearly to produce the most optimal sound.